Nymphaea odorata is the most common water lily species in North America. Although a variety of infraspecific taxa have been described, a recent classification accepts two subspecies: subsp. odorata and subsp. tuberosa. The closest relative of Nymphaea odorata is N. mexicana; the latter overlaps with subspecies odorata from Texas to Florida. Subspecies tuberosa occurs further north. To study patterns of variation and speciation in N. odorata we have used information from morphology and sequence data from ITS and trnT-F. Forty-three populations from across the distribution of N.odorata and four of N. mexicana were sampled. Forty morphological characters were examined with univariate analysis, SAHN clustering, and principle component analysis. Overall, morphology was highly variable and no significant grouping by either subspecies or geography was revealed. ITS sequences revealed the potential presence of different paralogues and point to gene flow between and within the two subspecies. Subspecies tuberosa seems to be characterized by a different cpDNA haplotype. Parsimony and NJ analyses of nrDNA sequence data excluding the apparently heterozygous individuals revealed two clades, representing the subspecies. The results of the morphological and molecular analysis are evaluated to infer phylogeographical patterns and to explain the observed morphological variability.

Key words: evolution, morphologic variation, Nymphaea odorata, speciation