FAIRFIELD, KRISTOPHER N.1*, MARK E. MORT1, and ARNOLDO SANTOS-GUERRA2. 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045; 2Jardin de Alimatacion de la Orotava, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. - Phylogenetics and evolution of Aichryson (Crassulaceae) inferred from multiple DNA data sets.
Aichryson is a small genus of annual or perennial herbs,
comprising approximately 13 species. The genus is endemic to
Macaronesia (Azores, Canary, Cape Verde, Madeira, and Salvage
Islands), with the center of diversity occurring on the Canary
Islands. Previous phylogenetic analyses of the Macaronesian
Crassulaceae indicate that Aichryson is a well-supported
monophyletic group and is sister to a clade comprising
Monanthes and Aeonium. However, phylogenetic
relationships within the genus have not yet been thoroughly
investigated. To resolve relationships within Aichryson, DNA
sequences were generated from the nuclear ribosomal internal
transcribed spacers regions (ITS1 and ITS2) as well as from three
cpDNA regions (trnL-trnF, psbA-trnH, and matK). Separate
parsimony analyses were conducted for the cpDNA and nuclear data sets.
Congruence tests conducted on each of these data sets and the
resulting topologies revealed no “hard incongruences”; therefore, the
data were combined and reanalyzed. Parsimony analyses of the combined
data recover a well-resolved topology with many relationships
receiving high bootstrap support. Although typically herbaceous in
habit, two members of the genus display a woody growth form. Our
preliminary analyses indicate that woodiness is a derived character in
Aichryson that appears to have evolved a single time. The
estimate of phylogeny is also used to reassess the currently accepted
classification of the genus.
Key words: Aichryson, Character evolution, Crassulaceae