Conventional techniques of isolating and identifying fungi or other cryptic microbes are time-consuming and expensive, limiting their utility for rapid and widespread surveys. We invented a novel method for detection and identification of microbes including those never before isolated or identified. This approach relies on analyses of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) rDNA sequences - highly variable regions flanked by the 5.8S and 28S ribosomal subunits within nuclear DNA. After determining secondary structures of ITS2 rRNAs we identify nucleotide motifs between 20 and 50 nt in length within each primary sequence. These signature sequences, readily defined and present in high copy number, allow taxonomic diagnoses of known and unknown microbes from various substrates including agricultural, medical and ecological samples. Such sequences are readily adapted for use with probing techniques including PCR, microarray assays or other molecular detection methods.

Key words: detection, fungi, ribosomal DNA, secondary structure