GROSE, SUSAN O.* and RICHARD G. OLMSTEAD. Department of Botany, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. - Patterns of evolution in Bignoniaceae: TheTabebuia / Crescentieae conundrum.
In the neotropics three major group of Bignoniaceae are represented:
Bignonieae, the lianas, Tecomeae, the trees with dehiscent fruits, and
Crescentieae, the trees with indehiscent fruits. Previous studies have
shown that Bignonieae is monophyletic, and sister to a large group of
Tecomeae. One clade within the latter group contains most of the New
World Tecomeae and is dominated by Tabebuia, the largest genus
of Bignoniaceae. However, this clade also contains Cybistax,
Zeyheria, Godmania, Ekmanianthe, and the tribe
Crescentieae. Tabebuia as we currently recognize it, is
paraphyletic unless these other taxa are included. The purpose of this
study is to complete the phylogeny for this clade, and to further
explore this unexpected relationship between Tabebuia and the
Crescentieae. These two groups are morphologically quite distinct,
most notably in their fruit morphology. Tabebuia has fruits
that are bilocular and dehiscent, while fruits of Crescentieae vary in
their number of locules, but are always indehiscent. Two chloroplast
regions are currently being sequenced to achieve this goal:
ndhF and trnL-trnF intron and spacer. Current results
indicate there are two groups of Tabebuia: one with pink and
white flowers, and sclerophyllous leaves, and another with strictly
yellow flowers and leaves of a more membranaceous texture. The first
group of Tabebuia is very species rich, having radiated
throughout the Caribbean, while the second group contains fewer
species. However, it is this clade of yellow-flowered Tabebuia
that contains tribe Crescentieae. Zeyheria and Godmania
are sister taxa, and their position within this group is equivocal.
They are sister either to the yellow flowered clade or to this entire
group of Tabebuia.
Key words: Bignoniaceae, Crescentieae, ndhF, Tabebuia, trnL-trnF