WACHHOLDER, BRENT E.1*, HENRY R. OWEN1, and JANICE M. COONS1,2. 1Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston 61920; 2Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801. - Coralberry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus): a native landscaping and wildlife habitat alternative to Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii).
Until the late 1980’s, the ornamental shrub Amur Honeysuckle
(Lonicera maackii) was promoted by the USDA Soil Conservation
Service to control erosion and to provide food and habitat for
wildlife. Amur Honeysuckle has fallen out of favor with conservation
organizations since its negative effects on native forest plant
species have been recognized. Coralberry (Symphoricarpos
orbiculatus), a native species, could be used in place of Amur
Honeysuckle for erosion control, wildlife conservation/restoration,
and ornamental landscaping. The objectives of this study were to
compare Coralberry and Amur Honeysuckle and determine if Coralberry
has similar negative effects on forest communities. In spring of 2001,
Coralberry was removed from three 100-m2 plots in Burgner Acres Nature
Area, Loxa, IL. Control plots were established and twenty 1-m2
quadrats were surveyed in each plot. Four transects were established,
three at Burgner Acres and one at Hidden Springs State Forest,
Strasburg, IL. Thirty quadrats were sampled along each. All vascular
plants species and percent cover of Coralberry and Amur Honeysuckle
were recorded. ANOVA test results showed a small but highly
significant (P=. 01) increase in mean herbaceous species richness (6.4
control, 7.3 removal) and mean woody species richness (1.3 control,
1.5 removal) in coralberry removal plots. Regression analysis of
transect data showed a significant (P=0.016) negative association
between percent cover of coralberry and herbaceous species richness
(slope= -0.25). There was a highly significant (P=0.001) association
between percent cover of Amur honeysuckle and herbaceous species
richness (slope= -0.31). There was no significant association between
percent cover of either shrub and woody species richness. Although
both species show a negative effect on forest herbs, coralberry lacks
sufficient size to achieve the high level of cover or form the dense
thickets characteristic of Amur honeysuckle.
Key words: Caprifoliaceae, exotic species, invasive species, Lonicera maackii, species richness, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus