FEIST, MARY ANN1*, BRENDA MOLANO-FLORES2, JASON A. KOONTZ3, and CHRISTOPHER WHELAN3. 1Illinois Natural History Survey, Center for Wildlife Ecology, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820; 2Illinois Natural History Survey, Office of the Chief, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820; 3Illinois Natural History Survey, Center for Biodiversity, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820. - Seed germination, host preference, and genetic diversity of the hemiparisitic plant Agalinis auriculata (Scrophulariaceae), an Illinois threatened species.
The importance of ecological interactions, such as those between
parasitic plants and their hosts, are often overlooked in conservation
efforts and are extremely important for threatened or endangered
parasitic plants. For these species, basic background and natural
history data must be available so that the best management and
reintroduction techniques can be implemented to assure their
persistence. In a greenhouse study, we examined the parasitic
relationship of the Illinois threatened plant Agalinis
auriculata (Michx.) Blake (eared false-foxglove,
Scrophulariaceae), an annual hemiparasitic plant, with potential host
species. This study had two main objectives: 1) determine host
preference (i.e., presence/absence of haustoria) and 2) determine
percent seed germination and percent seedling survivorship in the
presence of different potential host species. Overall, seed
germination and seedling survivorship were very low. Agalinis
auriculata had the highest seed germination percent and seedling
survivorship, but no haustoria when paired with Sporobolus
heterolepis. Haustoria development was found when A.
auriculata was associated with Helianthus occidentalis,
Silphium terebinthinaceum, and Solidago rigida. Flower
and fruit development in A. auriculata was not only associated
with these three species but also in control pots (i.e., no host
plant). This suggests that A. auriculata is a facultative
hemiparasitic species. Our results suggest that one group of plants
may provide better germination conditions while another group may
serve as hosts for A. auriculata. A second part of our study
includes assessing the levels and patterns of genetic variation in
A. auriculata using isozymes. Preliminary results show low
levels of isozyme variation in five wild populations. We will also
employ RAPD makers as a tool to detect additional genetic variation.
This information will be valuable to land managers and assist them in
the proper reintroduction of A. auriculata into suitable
sites.
Key words: Agalinis auriculata, hemiparasite, population gentics, seed germination