FAIVRE, AMY E. Dept. of Biological Sciences, Cedar Crest College, 100 College Dr., Allentown, PA 18104. - Reproductive biology of seven understory Psychotria species on Barro Colorado Island, Panama.
Psychotria species are one of the most commonly found
understory shrubs in the tropics. On the 1500 hectare Barro Colorado
Island in Panama, there are 21 species of Psychotria. A
majority of these 21 species flower during the rainy season. In the
rainy seasons of 2000 and 2001, the reproductive biology of seven
psychotrias was studied. Hand-pollinations were done on bagged flowers
of Psychotria acuminata, P. chagrensis, P.
deflexa, P. emetica, P. hoffmannseggiana, P.
horizontalis, and P. ipecacuanha. With the exception of
P. hoffmannseggiana, all of these species are distylous.
Pollinated flowers were collected, stained, and pollen tubes observed
using fluorescence microscopy. Preliminary results suggest that P.
chagrensis, P. horizontalis, and P. ipecacuanha have
the typical distylous incompatibility system. Both P. acuminata
and P. deflexa frequently have self and intramorph pollen tubes
that grow to reach the ovary. Psychotria hoffmannseggiana
appears to be self-compatible. Insect visitors to flowers of each
species were observed. With the exception of P. horizontalis,
that was visited by a number of bees, wasps, butterflies, and moths,
the other psychotrias were most frequently visited by six bee species.
These floral visitors were: Osiris mourei, Osiris sp.,
Paratetrapedia calcarata, Paratetrapedia sp., Trigona
fulviventris, and Trigona pallens. Psychotria
chagrensis flowered continuously throughout the rainy season, but
the remaining six species each flower for about three weeks spanning
late April through August. The flowering phenology and similar small,
white floral morphology of these species suggests that their
continuous, but shifted flowering times, may allow for maximum flower
visits by the same bee species.
Key words: Barro Colorado Island, bees, pollen tubes, pollination, Psychotria, reproductive biology