DECH, JEFFERY P.* and M. ANWAR MAUN. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, CANADA. - Zonation in plant communities along a burial gradient in an ecotone between coastal dunes and oak savanna.
Zonation is a conspicuous feature of coastal dune plant communities
that is primarily caused by the recurrent deposition of sand and the
differential tolerance of species to burial. Movement of sand inland
through blowouts extends burial activity from the foredune complex to
the lee slopes of parabolic dunes and into adjacent savannas. The
magnitude of this burial activity shows spatial and temporal
variability, and exerts strong differential selective pressure upon
plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship
between plant community composition and burial activity in an ecotone
between coastal dunes and oak savanna at the Pinery Provincial Park on
Lake Huron. We sampled 10 stands on the lee slopes of parabolic dunes
and five stands in the adjacent oak savanna using the point-quarter
method and 1x1 m plots to obtain quantitative data for all species
encountered. Species importance values (density + frequency +
dominance) were entered into a detrended correspondence analysis
(DCA), to examine patterns in plant community composition. Stands were
distributed continuously along the first DCA axis (Eigen value = 40%),
and separated into three groups according to a Two-Way Indicator
Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). Stand scores on this axis were correlated
to burial activity (-0.76, p < 0.01), and we defined these groups as
i) active dunes, ii) semi-active dunes, and iii) stabilized dunes or
savanna. Similarly, the 58 species we encountered in these stands
separated into three groups according to the TWINSPAN classification.
Based on apriori knowledge of distributions and burial tolerance, we
identified these species groups as i)open dune, ii) transitional, and
iii)prairie/savanna. Species richness, diversity, and vegetative cover
all decreased in areas with recurrent sand burial. These results
suggest that burial activity in the ecotone between coastal dunes and
oak savanna produces a zonation of plant species according to their
burial tolerance, which may be of importance in this globally
imperiled habitat.
Key words: burial, coastal sand dunes, community ecology, oak savanna, ordination, zonation