HENKEL, SARAH K.* and STEVEN MURRAY. Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, PO Box 6850, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850. - Morphological variation and patterns of reproduction and recruitment in lower intertidal populations of the kelp Egregia menziesii (Turner) Areschoug.
Egregia menziesii (O. Laminariales) is an important
habitat-structuring component of shallow, benthic communities
throughout central and southern California. Morphological variation in
this species is high, particularly in the lateral blades that
distichously cover the flattened branches. Fertile sporophylls are
believed to be produced throughout the year, but to be most abundant
between April and November. However, spatial and temporal patterns of
thallus morphology and sporophyte reproduction have not been
investigated in Southern California. We studied lower intertidal
populations of E. menziesii at three southern California sites
separated by <16 km. Growing axes (n = 9) were collected monthly to
quantify sporophyll production and the frequencies of different types
of lateral blades. Band transects were surveyed quarterly to determine
temporal patterns of sporophyte recruitment. Sporophylls were found
throughout the year, but sporophyll densities showed a strong peak in
winter (December) at all three sites. Sporophyte recruitment began in
late February and peaked in June, suggesting a gametophyte period of
approximately 6 months. Lateral blade morphology at the three sites
varied in a consistent pattern and was related to axis length; most
thalli initially developed spatulate lateral blades and then produced
narrower, filiform laterals. Thalli subjected to intense grazing
pressure had shorter axes and were dominated by spatulate blades,
while those growing under low grazing pressure exhibited longer
branches, densely covered with filiform laterals. Observed changes in
the frequencies of morphologically variable lateral blades along E.
menziesii axes hypothetically affect productivity, susceptibility to
grazing, and thallus drag in this shallow water kelp.
Key words: Egregia menziesii, kelp, morphology, productivity, recruitment, reproduction