HANISAK, M. DENNIS. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Fort Pierce, FL 34946 USA. - Impacts of reduced salinity on seagrasses in Indian River Lagoon.
From November 1993 to November 1995, a study was conducted in Indian
River Lagoon (IRL) to determine relationships of light attenuation,
water quality, and seagrass at sites representing a range of water
quality conditions. There were considerable interannual differences at
the sites. The most striking event occurred at a station in northern
Banana River, an area of IRL considered the least anthropogenically
impacted. This station had a well-developed, multi-species seagrass
bed (Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme, with
small quantities of Halophila englemannii). Throughout the
first year, salinity was stable (90% of weekly values ranged from 26
to 32 ppt). Beginning in November 1994, the cover, shoot density, and
biomass of all three species declined precipitously, due to sharply
reduced salinities associated with high rainfall and run-off.
Salinities during the following year varied little and remained low
(90% of weekly values ranged from 13.5 to 19.8 ppt). The lack of
recovery to earlier salinity levels was due to the long residence time
(ca. one year) in that portion of IRL. Seagrass cover, shoot density,
and biomass reached minima in May 1995. By August 1995,
Halodule began to recover, but nearly eight years later,
Syringodium has not recovered to 1994 levels.
Key words: Halodule wrightii, salinity, seagrass ecology, Syringodium filiforme