LOURENçO, SERGIO O.* and JOHN A. BERGES. School of Biology and Biochemistry, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.. - Physiological and biochemical responses of two seaweeds to nutrient- or light-deprivation.
The algae Fucus vesiculosus (brown) and Enteromorpha
compressa (green) were cultured in long-term experiments in which
natural seawater without nutrient enrichment was used, or in which the
plants were kept in complete darkness. Measurements of variable
fluorescence (Fv/Fm), an indicator of photosynthetic competence,
showed a gradual decrease of Fv/Fm in nutrient-deprivation
experiments, varying from 0.64 to 0.25 (E. compressa) and from
0.65 to 0.40 (F. vesiculosus) after 6 months of cultivation.
F. vesiculosus was virtually unaffected after more than 2
months in darkness, showing values of Fv/Fm around 0.65 throughout the
experiments, but cultures of E. compressa collapsed after 45
days in darkness. In both species lower concentrations of chlorophyll
a resulted of nutrient-deprivation experiments, decreasing 3
times in F. vesiculosus and 25 times in E. compressa by
the end of the experiments. F. vesiculosus cultured in darkness
showed 50% more chlorophyll a than the control, while plants of
E. compressa kept in dark and in light showed similar values of
chlorophyll a during the first 30 days of cultivation. The
tissue-N content of both species decreased dramatically in
nutrient-deprivation experiments, establishing variations in C:N ratio
from 20:1 to 79:1 (F. vesiculosus) and from 8.6:1 to 75:1
(E. compressa). The algae showed small variations in C:N ratio
throughout the experiments in darkness. Such as previously identified
for phytoplanktonic species, the variations in the physiological
responses exhibited by the seaweeds tested suggest that these
conventional diagnostics of limitations may be misleading in natural
algal assemblages, which are composed by mixed species. Gel
electrophoretic is currently being performed to identify possible
proteins that may respond specifically to these experimental
conditions.
Key words: deprivation, Enteromorpha compressa, Fucus vesiculosus, light, nutrient, seaweeds