HARVEY, JULIO B.J. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, A316 Earth and Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, 95064. - 18s based taxonomy and intraspecific ITS sequence variation in the marine fungal endosymbiont Haloguignardia irritans infecting Cystoseira osmundacea along the Californian coast.
The marine ascomycete genus Haloguignardia occurs
endophytically in members of the marine brown algal family
Sargassaceae globally. This example of endosymbiosis has been
morphologically described in detail: the fungal component internally
infects the algal host resulting in prolific host cell tissue growth.
The resulting galls, borne on host blades or stipes, house fungal
perithecia and filamentous hyphae but are composed chiefly of host
algal cells. Using culture-independent molecular techniques, I have
sequenced the 18s rDNA gene region for H. irritans and compared
these data to published fungal 18s sequences. 18s analysis places the
genus Haloguignardia in the class Sordariomycetes and is
consistent with the current, morphological taxonomy for this genus. In
order to study intraspecific genetic variation in H. irritans I
have sequenced the ITS rDNA (ITS 1, 2 and the 5.8s) regions for five
separate gall-tissue samples from Santa Rosa Island in southern
California and for five samples from Monterey and Carmel in central
California. Intraspecific DNA sequence variation in the ITS regions of
H. irritans reveals consistent sequence divergence between
sites sampled. The fungal ITS regions for H. irritans total 613
bp in length and contain 40 synapomorphic characters for a total of
6.5% variation in informative loci between southern and central
Californian sites. This value is similar to those found for the ITS
and other gene regions previously used by researchers investigating
species boundaries at the intraspecific level in symbiotic,
terrestrial fungi. The ITS is one of several gene regions I am
currently using to investigate the coevolution of this system via
comparison of multiple gene genealogies generated for H.
irritans to analogous genealogies constructed for the algal host.
Key words: 18s rDNA, coevolution, ITS, marine fungi, Sargassaceae, symbiosis