LAZAROFF, NORMAN. Fndtn. for Microbiological Analysis, Vestal, NY, 13850. - Preservation of nostocacean hormogone motility in desiccated calcium carbonate agar patches.
Filamentous nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria are resistant to
desiccation, nutrient depletion, adverse temperature and challenging
photic environments. This is generally thought to account for their
role as pioneering forms of life on denuded strata. It has also lent
credence to the possibility that cyanobacteria with prolonged
viability may have been able to survive conditions of interplanetary
space to implement a panspermian hypothesis for the origin of life on
earth. Prolonged retention of viability had been noted in our
collection of myxotrophically grown strains of nostocaceans cultured
in liquid or solid media containing calcium carbonate. Such media
permitted satisfactory recovery and regrowth after storage at low
light intensities for two years or more. Moreover, even the oldest
calcium carbonate cultures contained motile hormogonia when observed
microscopically.. This phenomenon can be used to advantage in sending
cultures to other laboratories. Not only are organisms maintained
during passage through the postal system but since the cultures formed
hormogonia readily, it was possible to produce preservable homogeneous
agar lawns that generated hormogonia as needed for demonstration or
experiment. A practical technique consists of seeding axenic strains
of Nostoc species grown in liquid shake culture under cool-white
fluorescent illumination into solid media containing 0.7% sucrose,
0.05% finely divided calcium carbonate and 1.4% purified agar. The
preparations are incubated under red fluorescent illumination to
produce several crops of hormogonia in successive cycles of
development, within the agar. The heavily grown lawns are cut into
disks or squares, then transferred to dishes and dried in desiccators
with anhydrous calcium sulfate. The dry patches produce swarms of
hormogonia in two or three hours, depending upon the rate of
rehydration. The patches are facile tools for purifying cultures
through the isolation of hormogonia and studying cyanobacterial
physiology by the rapid response of motile hormogonia.
Key words: gliding motility, hormogonia, nostocaceae, preservation, resistance to desiccation