RUSSELL, SCOTT D. Department of Botany & Microbiology and Samuel Roberts Noble Microscopy Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0245. - Sex and the Single Plant.
To many who celebrated the chaste beauty of floral displays, the 1694
revelation of Rudolph Camerarius, in "Epistolae de Sexu
Plantarum", came as a shock. He identified stamens and pistils as
male and female organs, and the pollen as a fertilizing agent, which
prompted Johann Georg Siegesbeck to decry "What man will ever
believe that God Almighty should have introduced such confusion, or
rather such shameful whoredom, for the propagation of the reign of
plants? Who will instruct young students in such a voluptuous system
without scandal?" Discoveries of Amici and Hofmeister of a
tubular structure that penetrated the ovule did little to allay these
fears. Modern research however provides a very favorable comparison
of sexuality in plants and animals. Based on current findings, plant
sexual reproduction is a far more subtle, conservative, successful and
elegant system than that found in all other biological systems.
Reproductive evolution in flowering plants having far exceeded that
in animals, it is only in gatherings of botanists that we can truly
reveal their inherently superior achievements.
Key words: double fertilization, fertilization mechanisms, plant gametes