FISHER, JACK B.* and K. JAYACHANDRAN. Fairchild Tropical Garden, 11935 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33156; Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199. - Arbuscular mycorrhizae and their role in plant restoration in subtropical Florida.
In southern Florida, there is high plant biodiversity due to the
floristic mixing of warm temperate SE North America and tropical
Caribbean. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were found in the roots
of native plants in the families Anacardiaceae, Arecaceae (Palmae),
Cactaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cycadaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae,
Lauraceae, Rubiaceae, Simarubaceae and Smilacaeae that grow in the
coastal maritime and inland hammocks of southern Florida In greenhouse
experiments, seedlings of the following genera: Amorpha;
Coccothrinax; Gymnanthes; Hamelia; Jacquemontia; Licaria; Nectandra;
Opuntia; Picramnia; Psychotria; Rhus; Sabal; Serenoa; and
Zamia were inoculated with AMF and showed enhancement of growth
and phosphorus uptake on local sandy, nutrient poor soils. Most native
species depend on AMF under natural conditions. Restoration projects
are now planned for endangered species of Amorpha (Fabaceae),
Jacquemontia (Convolvulaceae), Optunia (Cactaceae) and
Pseudophoenix (Arecaceae), and AMF should be considered when
producing plants for restoration.
Key words: arbuscular mycorrhiza, endangered species, fungi, mycorrhiza, restoration